Gaza : La Cour internationale de justice ordonne à Israël de prévenir tout acte de génocide - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2024)
Le 26 janvier, la Cour internationale de Justice (CIJ) a ordonné la prise de mesures conservatoires dans le cadre de l’affaire portée par l’Afrique du Sud sur la base d’allégations qu’Israël est en train de violer la Convention sur le génocide.
Keywords: 2024-01 January

Gaza : La Cour internationale de justice ordonne à Israël de prévenir tout acte de génocide - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2024)
Le 26 janvier, la Cour internationale de Justice (CIJ) a ordonné la prise de mesures conservatoires dans le cadre de l’affaire portée par l’Afrique du Sud sur la base d’allégations qu’Israël est en train de violer la Convention sur le génocide.
Keywords: 2024-01 January

Gaza : Les vidéos d’otages constituent un « outrage à la dignité personnelle » - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2023)
La détention d’otages civils par le Hamas et le Jihad islamique constitue un crime de guerre, tout comme le fait de les filmer, apparemment sous la contrainte. Tous les civils détenus devraient être immédiatement libérés, conformément aux lois de la guerre.
Keywords: 2023-10 November

Gaza : Les vidéos d’otages constituent un « outrage à la dignité personnelle » - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2023)
La détention d’otages civils par le Hamas et le Jihad islamique constitue un crime de guerre, tout comme le fait de les filmer, apparemment sous la contrainte. Tous les civils détenus devraient être immédiatement libérés, conformément aux lois de la guerre.
Keywords: 2023-10 November

Gaza: World Court Orders Israel to Prevent Genocide - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2024)
The International Court of Justice (ICJ) ordered provisional measures on January 26, 2024, in South Africa’s case alleging that Israel is violating the Genocide Convention.
Keywords: 2024-01 January; Netherlands

Gaza: World Court Orders Israel to Prevent Genocide - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2024)
The International Court of Justice (ICJ) ordered provisional measures on January 26, 2024, in South Africa’s case alleging that Israel is violating the Genocide Convention.
Keywords: 2024-01 January; Netherlands

Global Playbook of Abuse to Silence Critics - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2023)
Rwandan authorities and their proxies are using violence, judicial mechanisms, and intimidation to try to silence criticism from Rwandans living around the world.
Keywords: 2023-10 October

Guatemala: Respect Election Results - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2023)
Guatemalan authorities should respect the results of elections held on June 25, 2023, Human Rights Watch and the Washington Office on Latin America (WOLA) said today. Concerned governments, including from Latin America, should urge the government and other authorities to ensure democratic values and respect the will of Guatemalans expressed at the polls.
Keywords: 2023-07 July

Guatemala: Se deben respetar los resultados electorales - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2023)
Las autoridades guatemaltecas deben respetar los resultados de las elecciones celebradas el 25 de junio de 2023,, señalaron hoy Human Rights Watch y la Oficina en Washington para Asuntos Latinoamericanos (WOLA). La comunidad internacional, incluyendo los gobiernos de América Latina, deben instar al gobierno de Guatemala y a otras autoridades a garantizar los valores democráticos y respetar la voluntad de los guatemaltecos expresada en las urnas.
Keywords: 2023-07 July

Harmful ‘Prostitution’ Resolution Passes - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2023)
The European Parliament passed a resolution against “prostitution” on September 14, 2023, but removed some of its most harmful parts, Human Rights Watch said today. Parliament adopted a non-binding report. Regulation of Prostitution in the EU: Its Cross-Border Implications and Impact on Gender Equality and Women’s Rights, but rejected “calls for an EU-wide approach based on the Nordic/Equality model.”
Keywords: 2023-09 September

Hong Kong: Warrants Aim at Activists Abroad - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2023)
Hong Kong authorities have issued baseless arrest warrants and HK$1 million (US$128,000) bounties on eight exiled democracy activists and former legislators that expand China’s political intimidation campaign beyond its borders.
Keywords: 2023-07 July; Hongkong

ICC: Combat Double Standards for Justice - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2023)
Member countries of the International Criminal Court (ICC) should step up their political, practical and financial support so that the court can fully deliver on its mandate.
Keywords: 2023-12 December

“If We Raise Our Voice They Arrest Us” - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2023)
The 39-page report, “‘If We Raise Our Voice They Arrest Us’: Sri Lanka’s Proposed Truth and Reconciliation Commission,” documents abusive security force surveillance and intimidation of activists and campaigners from minority Tamil families of those who “disappeared” during Sri Lanka’s civil war. The authorities are using draconian counterterrorism laws to silence dissenting voices, including those calling for truth and accountability, while government-backed land grabs target Tamil and Muslim communities and their places of worship.
Keywords: 2023-09 September

Indonesia: Four Arrested for Same-Sex Conduct - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2018)
(Jakarta)—Indonesian authorities should immediately and unconditionally release four people detained in Aceh under a local ordinance that criminalizes same-sex conduct.
Keywords: References - Comma (2020 1-2), Archives and Human Rights

Informe Mundial 2024 - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2024)
Nuestro análisis anual sobre los derechos humanos en el mundo
Keywords: 2024-01 January

La « Cancer Alley » de la Louisiane - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2024)
L’industrie des combustibles fossiles et de la pétrochimie dans une zone de Louisiane surnommée « Cancer Alley » (« Allée du cancer »), a dévasté la santé, la vie et l’environnement des habitants.
Keywords: 2024-01 January

La Plaine des Morts - Le Tchad de Hissène Habré, 1982-1990 - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2013)
Cet ouvrage de 714 pages, intitulé La Plaine des Morts, se base sur treize années de recherches pour démontrer que Habré était personnellement impliqué dans les abus perpétrés lorsqu’il était au pouvoir de 1982 à 1990, essentiellement par le biais du contrôle étroit qu’il exerçait sur sa redoutée police politique, la Direction de la Documentation et de la Sécurité (DDS).
Keywords: References - Boel et al. (2021), Archives and Human Rights

La répression extraterritoriale menée par le Rwanda - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2023)
Un nouveau rapport de Human Rights Watch expose comment le gouvernement rwandais surveille les dissidents, réels et supposés, et commet également des actes de menaces et d’intimidation au-delà de ses frontières.
Keywords: 2023-10 October

Les abus à l’encontre des journalistes doivent cesser - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2024)
Absence de justice pour une mort suspecte ; le journaliste Dieudonné Niyonsenga détenu dénonce des actes de torture devant un tribunal
Keywords: 2024-01 January

Louisiana’s ‘Cancer Alley’ - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2024)
The fossil fuel and petrochemical industry in the Louisiana area that has come to be known as “Cancer Alley” has devastated the health, lives, and environment of residents.
Keywords: 2024-01 January

Mali : Les groupes armés islamistes multiplient les meurtres et les viols - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2023)
Depuis janvier 2023, des groupes armés islamistes ont perpétré des meurtres à grande échelle, des viols et des pillages dans des villages du nord-est du Mali.
Keywords: 2023-07 July; Sexual Violence

Mali: Mounting Islamist Armed Group Killings, Rape - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2023)
Islamist armed groups have carried out widespread killings, rapes, and lootings of villages in northeast Mali since January 2023.
Keywords: 2023-07 July; Sexual Violence

Mass Arrests of Women’s Rights Defenders - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2023)
Iranian authorities have arrested at least a dozen activists and increased pressure on a wide range of peaceful dissidents ahead of the anniversary of the nationwide protests that swept the country in 2022.
Keywords: 2023-08 August

Myanmar: Junta Blocks Lifesaving Cyclone Aid - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2023)
The Myanmar junta’s increasing obstruction of humanitarian aid in the month since Cyclone Mocha has put thousands of lives at immediate risk and endangered millions of people.
Keywords: 2023-06 June

New Transitional Justice Process Lacks Credibility - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2024)
The Sri Lankan government’s proposed law to create another body to investigate wartime abuses replicates previous failed efforts, ignores the needs of victims, and falls far short of meeting Sri Lanka’s international legal obligations.
Keywords: 2024-01 January

On #International_Children_Day: #Justice_for_Yemen_Children Must Be Included in Peace Talks - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2023)
November 20th marks International Children's Day. This day serves as a poignant reminder that we must take a resolute stand to defend, promote, and celebrate the rights of Yemeni children. We, the undersigned, call on the parties to the conflict in Yemen and the international community to work towards securing justice for Yemeni children and enabling them to lead dignified lives, in accordance with the principles enshrined in the Convention on the Rights of the Child, to which Yemen is a signatory.
Keywords: 2023-10 November

Philippines: Marcos Failing on Rights - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2023)
President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. will mark his first year in office on June 30, 2023, having done little to improve human rights protections in the Philippines.
Keywords: 2023-06 June

Rapport mondial 2024 - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2023)
Bilan annuel de HRW sur les droits humains dans le monde
Keywords: 2024-01 January

RD Congo : Raid meurtrier d’une milice contre des déplacés en Ituri - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2023)
Les combattants d’une milice ont tué au moins 46 civils, dont la moitié étaient des enfants, et ont pillé et incendié un camp de personnes déplacées le 12 juin 2023 dans la province de l’Ituri, dans l’est de la République démocratique du Congo.
Keywords: 2023-07 July

Refworld | Families Torn Apart: The High Cost of U.S. and Cuban Travel Restrictions - Human Rights Watch (Refworld, 2005)
This 69-page report shows how the travel policies of both countries infringe upon the internationally recognized right to freedom of movement, which includes the right to leave and return to one's own country. In the case of parents and children forced to reside in different countries, the policies also violate the international prohibition on the involuntary separation of families.
Keywords: References - Comma (2020 1-2), Archives and Human Rights

Rights Concerns Over License Plate Tracking - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2023)
Uganda’s new surveillance system, which allows the government to track the real time location of all vehicles in the country, undermines privacy rights, and creates serious risks to the rights to freedom of association and expression.
Keywords: 2023-10 November

Rwanda’s Repression Across Borders - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2023)
A new Human Rights Watch report outlines how the government of Rwanda keeps tabs on dissidents, both real and perceived, and how threats and acts of intimidation also happen across borders.
Keywords: 2023-10 October

Saudi Arabia: Mass Killings of Migrants at Yemen Border | Human Rights Watch - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2023)
Systematic Abuses of Ethiopians May Amount to Crimes Against Humanity
Keywords: 2023-08 August; Ethiopia; Yemen

Senegal: Obama Backs Hissène Habré Court - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2013)
President Barack Obama’s endorsement of Senegal’sefforts to bring to book the former Chadiandictator Hissène Habré is a recognition of the case’s importance for African justice.
Keywords: References - Boel et al. (2021), Archives and Human Rights

South Africa: Older People Lack Basic Care, Support - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2023)
South Africa is failing to provide hundreds of thousands of older people access to basic care and support services, Human Rights Watch said in a report released today. Many face risks to their physical well-being and safety and experience profound distress and fear at the prospect of being forced to live, and die, in an institution.
Keywords: 2023-06 June

Sudan: Darfur Town Destroyed - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2023)
Rapid Support Forces (RSF) and allied Arab militias summarily executed at least 28 ethnic Massalit and killed and injured dozens of civilians on May 28, 2023, in Sudan’s West Darfur state.
Keywords: 2023-06 June

Suisse/Gambie : Les crimes de l’ère Jammeh devant la justice - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2024)
Le procès qui s’ouvrira en Suisse le 8 janvier 2024, pour des crimes graves commis en Gambie, représente une avancée significative pour délivrer la justice aux victimes de graves abus.
Keywords: 2023-12 December; 2024-01 January; Switzerland

Supported by France, Convicted by Africa France-Chad Relations during the Hissène Habré’s Rule (1982-1990) - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2016)
Keywords: References - Boel et al. (2021), Archives and Human Rights

Switzerland/Gambia: Jammeh-Era Crimes on Trial - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2024)
The opening of a Swiss trial for serious crimes committed in The Gambia on January 8, 2024 represents a significant advance for justice for the victims of grave abuses.
Keywords: 2024-01 January; Switzerland

Tanks on the Playground - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2023)
“Tanks on the Playground,” documents the damage and destruction of schools and kindergartens in four Ukrainian regions during the first months of the fighting, causing significant damages. Russian forces also frequently looted and pillaged schools they occupied, a war crime.
Keywords: 2023-10 November; Russia

Thailand: Trafficking Convictions Important Step Forward - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2017)
Keywords: References - Comma (2020 1-2), Archives and Human Rights

The Trial of Hissène Habré - A Senegalese Merchant Testifies - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2015)
Keywords: References - Boel et al. (2021), Archives and Human Rights

Tunisia: Crisis as Black Africans Expelled to Libya Border - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2023)
Tunisian security forces have collectively expelled several hundred Black African migrants and asylum seekers, including children and pregnant women, to a remote, militarized buffer zone at the Tunisia-Libya border. The group includes people with both regular and irregular legal status in Tunisia, expelled without due process. Many reported violence by authorities during arrest or expulsion.
Keywords: 2023-07 July; Libya

Tunisie : Crise liée aux expulsions collectives d’Africains noirs vers la frontière libyenne - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2023)
Depuis le 2 juillet 2023, les forces de sécurité tunisiennes ont expulsé collectivement plusieurs centaines de migrants et de demandeurs d’asile africains noirs, parmi lesquels enfants et femmes enceintes, vers une zone tampon militarisée à la frontière entre la Tunisie et la Libye, a déclaré Human Rights Watch aujourd’hui. Parmi ces personnes, expulsées sans aucun respect des procédures légales, certaines vivaient en Tunisie en situation régulière, d’autres en situation irrégulière. Beaucoup d’entre elles ont fait état de violences de la part des autorités lors de leur arrestation ou de leur expulsion.
Keywords: 2023-07 July; Libya

Un « manuel » mondial d’abus pour faire taire les critiques - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2023)
Les autorités rwandaises et leurs intermédiaires utilisent la violence, les mécanismes judiciaires et l’intimidation pour tenter de faire taire les voix critiques de Rwandais vivant dans le monde entier.
Keywords: 2023-10 October

UN Rights Review Amid Violent Crackdown - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2023)
The Bangladesh government should seriously respond to concerns regarding grave abuses and the crackdown on civil society raised by member states on November 13, 2023, during Bangladesh’s Universal Periodic Review (UPR).
Keywords: 2023-10 November

Urge Laos to Address Rights Abuses - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2023)
In the context of the upcoming Australia-Laos 8th bilateral human rights dialogue, the Australian government should press Lao government leaders to end their systemic human rights violations when the two governments meet for a bilateral rights dialogue.
Keywords: 2023-10 November

US, France Backed Convicted Chad Dictator - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2016)
The United States and France were well aware of Hissène Habré’s brutal record, and yet continued to support him throughout his rule. Both countries should examine how and why they supported a man convicted of crimes against humanity.
Keywords: References - Boel et al. (2021), Archives and Human Rights

US: Texas Officials Put Migrants in Danger - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2023)
Reports that migrants and asylum seekers, including children, have been pushed back by Texas officials, stranded in sweltering heat, and wounded by razor wire installed under Operation Lone Star should be investigated and all federal support to the operation ended.
Keywords: 2023-08 August

When Tyrants Tremble: The Pinochet Report - Human Rights Watch (1999)
Keywords: References - Boel et al. (2021), Archives and Human Rights

World Court Begins Watershed Torture Case - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2023)
The International Court of Justice (ICJ) hearings on October 10 and 11, 2023 on state-sponsored torture in Syria since 2011 are critically important for advancing justice.
Keywords: 2023-10 October

World Court Rules Against Syria in Torture Case - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2023)
The International Court of Justice (ICJ) order on November 16, 2023, directing Syria to take all measures within its power to prevent acts of torture and other abuses is a milestone toward protecting civilians in the country
Keywords: 2023-10 November; The Netherlands

World Court to hear Genocide Case Against Israel - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2024)
The International Court of Justice (ICJ) hearings on January 11 and 12, 2024, on genocide in Gaza will include the first formal response by Israel before an independent and impartial court, to allegations of atrocities against the Palestinian people since October 7, 2023.
Keywords: 2024-01 January; Gaza; Israel

World Court to hear Genocide Case Against Israel - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2024)
The International Court of Justice (ICJ) hearings on January 11 and 12, 2024, on genocide in Gaza will include the first formal response by Israel before an independent and impartial court, to allegations of atrocities against the Palestinian people since October 7, 2023.
Keywords: 2024-01 January; Gaza; Isreal

World Report 2024 - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2023)
Annual Review Of Human Rights Around The Globe
Keywords: 2024-01 January

Enabling a Dictator: the United States and Chad's Hissène Habré 1982-1990 - Human Rights Watch (Organization) (Human Rights Watch, 2016)
"The report, 'Enabling a Dictator: The United States and Chad's Hissène Habré 1982-1990s,' describes how France, and especially the United States, were pivotal in bringing Habré to power, although signs of his brutality were already evident. The two countries saw Habré as a bulwark against the expansionist designs of Libyas Muammar Gaddafi, whose forces were occupying northern Chad. Human Rights Watch details how both the United States and France continued to provide Habrés government with critical support, even as it committed widespread and systematic human rights violations"--Publisher's description
Keywords: 1900-1999; 20th century; Atrocities; Chad; Crimes against humanity; Genocide; Habré, Hissein; Human rights; Politics and government; References - Boel et al. (2021), Archives and Human Rights; Social conditions; War criminals

Violations des droits des personnes LGBTI - Human Rights Watch; Coalition pour la défense de la liberté d’expression au Liban (Human Rights Watch, 2023)
Les autorités libanaises s’attaquent de manière systématique aux droits fondamentaux des personnes lesbiennes, gays, bisexuelles, transgenres et intersexes (LGBTI), a déclaré aujourd’hui la Coalition pour la défense de la liberté d’expression au Liban, composée de quinze ONG dont HRW.
Keywords: 2023-09 September

Attack on Freedoms Targets LGBTI People - Human Rights Watch; Coalition to Defend Freedom of Expression in Lebanon (Human Rights Watch, 2023)
Lebanese authorities are systematically attacking the fundamental human rights of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and intersex (LGBTI) people, the Coalition to Defend Freedom of Expression in Lebanon, comprised of fifteen Lebanese and international organizations, said today.
Keywords: 2023-09 September

PRINCIPES DE BASE RELATIFS AU ROLE DES ARCHIVISTES ET DES GESTIONNAIRES DE DOCUMENTS POUR LA DEFENSE DES DROITS DE L’HOMME - HUman Rights Working Group International Council on Archives (Conseil International Des Archives, 2016)
Keywords: References - Comma (2020 1-2), Archives and Human Rights

Forced Passportization in Russia-Occupied Areas of Ukraine | Conflict Observatory - Humanitarian Research Lab at Yale School of Public Health (Humanitarian Research Lab, 2023)
Based on a comprehensive review of open source material, Yale HRL has identified the laws and tactics used to make it impossible for residents to survive in their homes unless they accept Russian citizenship. An executive summary and the full report are available in English.
Keywords: 2023-08 August; Citizenship; Forced Russian Citizenship; Geneva Convention; The Hague Convention; Ukraine occupied territory

Vietnam: outcry after leading climate activist arrested, accused of tax evasion - Humphrey, Chris (The Guardian, 2023)
Critics say allegations against Hoang Thi Minh Hong are politically motivated, coming amid similar prosecutions against other environmental activists.
Keywords: 2023-06 June; Asia Pacific; Environment; Vietnam

The Third Wave: Democratization in the Late 20th Century - Huntington, Samuel P. (University of Oklahoma Press, 1993)
Between 1974 and 1990 more than thirty countries in southern Europe, Latin America, East Asia, and Eastern Europe shifted from authoritarian to democratic systems of government. This global democratic revolution is probably the most important political trend in the late twentieth century. In The Third Wave, Samuel P. Huntington analyzes the causes and nature of these democratic transitions, evaluates the prospects for stability of the new democracies, and explores the possibility of more countries becoming democratic. The recent transitions, he argues, are the third major wave of democratization in the modem world. Each of the two previous waves was followed by a reverse wave in which some countries shifted back to authoritarian government. Using concrete examples, empirical evidence, and insightful analysis, Huntington provides neither a theory nor a history of the third wave, but an explanation of why and how it occurred.Factors responsible for the democratic trend include the legitimacy dilemmas of authoritarian regimes; economic and social development; the changed role of the Catholic Church; the impact of the United States, the European Community, and the Soviet Union; and the "snowballing" phenomenon: change in one country stimulating change in others. Five key elite groups within and outside the nondemocratic regime played roles in shaping the various ways democratization occurred. Compromise was key to all democratizations, and elections and nonviolent tactics also were central. New democracies must deal with the "torturer problem" and the "praetorian problem" and attempt to develop democratic values and processes. Disillusionment with democracy, Huntington argues, is necessary to consolidating democracy. He concludes the book with an analysis of the political, economic, and cultural factors that will decide whether or not the third wave continues.Several "Guidelines for Democratizers" offer specific, practical suggestions for initiating and carrying out reform. Huntington's emphasis on practical application makes this book a valuable tool for anyone engaged in the democratization process. At this volatile time in history, Huntington's assessment of the processes of democratization is indispensable to understanding the future of democracy in the world.
Keywords: References - Boel et al. (2021), Archives and Human Rights

Despite Bans, Disabled Women Are Still Being Sterilized in Europe - Hurtes, Sarah (The New York Times, 2023)
Governments have declared the practice a human rights violation. But they have made exceptions that are divisive among parents, doctors and social workers.
Keywords: 2023-10 November; Abuse of the Disabled; Belgium; European Union; France; Hysterectomies; Iceland; Intellectual Disabilities; Reykjavik (Iceland); Women and Girls; audio-negative-sad; audio-negative-tragedy; audio-neutral-informative

Catherine Murupaenga-Ikenn: A radar for injustice - Husband, Dale (E-Tangata, 2023)
“When I see environmental destruction, ecological destruction, I’m compelled to do something. When I see human rights violations, I just feel aroha for people because, what's that saying? ‘There but for the grace of God go I.’”
Keywords: 2023-07 July

A Verdict in South Africa Reveals an Unfinished Reckoning With Apartheid - Hussein, Tam (New Lines Magazine, 2023)
Public recognition that the imam and activist Abdullah Haron was killed by security police in 1969 poses questions about the justice sacrificed at the modern nation’s founding
Keywords: 2023-12 December; Apartheid

The Communist Regime in Romania: Interpretation or Condemnation? - Iacob, Bogdan C. (Sudosteuropa Mitteilungen, 2014)
The article analyses the second life of the concept of genocide In public, scholarly and legal post-2006 discourses about how to deal with the communist past In Romania. It counterpoises such problematic radical condemnations with recent developments In local historical studies. The contribution focuses on a new generation of historians (In their thirties and early forties), exemplifying these approaches by discussing novel studies about repression, Institutions and biographies. It argues that the employment of the term genocide on the one hand reflects specific traditions of public, scholarly and legal narratives about the communist regime. On the other hand, It highlights the ambiguity and misrepresentation of historical phenomena concerning the period from 1945 to 1989 in Romania. Such overbearing denunciatory attitudes potentially obfuscate the complexities and varieties of the past. Benefiting from a genuine archival revolution after 2007, young historians counterbalance opaque, uncritical narratives of victimization with a renewed will for Interpretation and revision. Adapted from the source document.
Keywords: Attitudes; Communists; Genocide; Historians; Narratives; Radicalism; References - Boel et al. (2021), Archives and Human Rights; Repression (Political); Revolutions; Romania

The story of Qatari women’s rights defender Noof Al-Maadeed - Ibrahim, Khalid (Global Voices, 2023)
Human rights defender Noof Al-Madeed disappeared after releasing a series of videos in March providing evidence of violations of her civil and human rights by the Qatari State security apparatus.
Keywords: 2023-09 September

By-Laws for the section on Archives and Human Rights - ICA Executive Board (2019)

ICA SAHR: A Legacy of the DDR: The Stasi Records Archive - Dagmar Hovestädt - ICA International Council on Archives (2023)
Dagmar Hovestädt, head of outreach and research at the Stasi Records Archive at the Federal Archives in Germany presents A Legacy of the DDR: The Stasi Records Archive. Dagmar Hovestädt was the spokeswoman of the Federal Commissioner for the Stasi Records (BStU) from 2011 to 2021. Currently she heads the department outreach and research at the Stasi Records Archive at the Federal Archives in Germany. As part of her duties, she implements strategy on continued research into the Stasi records as well as on public education, exhibitions, events and the development of the historic site of the Ministry for State Security into a "Campus for Democracy". She is part of an initiative to form an international human rights archive network and is speaking and writing on the role of archives in transitional justice. She received a master’s degree in communication and political science from the Berlin Free University in 1991, after which she worked as a journalist in Berlin from 1989 to 1999 and for German media from the USA from 2000 to 2011. As a direct result of the Peaceful Revolution of 1989 the records of the Ministry for State Security, the secret police in the service of the East German communist party SED, were made available to the public, to address the injustices of the communist past in the united Germany. Unlike many other Eastern European countries, the unique post-conflict situation of the unification of the two Germanys allowed for immediate access to these records in support of many transitional justice mechanisms in dealing with the past. This talk will present the special conditions of the German process, the effects upon the role of the archive, and its future potential. After 30 years of active participation in shaping the dialogue about the past, the Stasi Records Archive now part of the Federal Archives (Bundesarchiv) seems poised for a continuing role in the safeguarding of democracy and human rights for the coming generations.

ICA SAHR: Archivos y Derechos Humanos, una perspectiva mundial - ICA International Council on Archives (2023)
Antonio González Quintana y Perrine Canavaggio presentarán la versión en español de la obra colectiva que coordinaron con Jens Boel y que Routledge publicó en inglés en 2021. Archivos y Derechos Humanos, Una perspectiva mundial. Editorial Trea, marzo de 2023 El libro muestra la estrecha relación entre los derechos humanos y los archivos, los cuales juegan un papel crucial en la provisión de pruebas y en la vigencia de los principios del derecho a la verdad, la justicia y la reparación. Se presentará la génesis del libro y sus objetivos, y se recordarán las etapas más significativas de la historia paralela de los archivos y los derechos humanos, desde los principios de la Revolución Francesa hasta el surgimiento de la justicia penal internacional. Se han logrado avances significativos en los últimos 20 años y la importancia de los archivos para el derecho a la verdad ahora es reconocida por el Consejo de Derechos Humanos y recordada periódicamente por los relatores especiales de las Naciones Unidas. Los diferentes usos de los archivos, particularmente en los países en transición a la democracia - judiciales, políticos, reparadores, memoriales, educativos, históricos, preventivos - son ilustrados en el libro por 17 estudios de casos de África, Asia, Europa y América Latina, analizados por expertos Se presentarán las lecciones a aprender de estos casos. El papel del archivero ha cambiado en las últimas décadas y ahora está llamado a desempeñar un papel activo en la defensa de los derechos humanos fundamentales, ante todo permitiendo el acceso a los documentos que se relacionan con violaciones de estos derechos. Perrine Canavaggio fue jefa de los Archivos de la Presidencia de la República Francesa de 1974 a 1994 y directora adjunta de los Archivos de Francia entre 1995 y 1996. Fue secretaria general adjunta del ICA de 2000 a 2009 y secretaria de la Conferencia Internacional de la Mesa Redonda sobre Archivos (CITRA) de 2000 a 2008. Cofundadora del grupo de trabajo de Archivos y Derechos Humanos del ICA (2003), fue su primera presidenta (2003-2008) y miembro del mismo hasta 2019, año en el que pasó a formar parte del comité ejecutivo de la Sección de Archivos y Derechos Humanos del ICA. Antonio González Quintana fue subdirector general del Archivo de la Comunidad de Madrid (2010-2018). Anteriormente, ha sido, entre otros, jefe de la Unidad de Coordinación del Archivo Militar del Ministerio de Defensa (1994-2003) y director de la Sección “Guerra Civil” del Archivo Histórico Nacional, en Salamanca (1986-1994). Es autor del informe para la UNESCO Los archivos de los servicios de seguridad del Estado de los antiguos regímenes represivos (1997), del que el ICA publicó una versión actualizada y más desarrollada en 2009, con el título: Políticas archivísticas para la defensa de los derechos humanos. Es miembro fundador de Archivists Without Borders y Archiveros Españoles en la Función Pública, de los cuales fue presidente de 2006 a 2009 y de 2018 a 2021. Cofundador (2003) del grupo de trabajo de Archivos y Derechos Humanos del ICA, es miembro del comité ejecutivo de la Sección de Archivos y Derechos Humanos del ICA, que presidió de 2019 a 2021.

ICA SAHR : Des archives de la terreur aux archives de la douleur - une expérience africaine - ICA International Council on Archives (2023)
Dr. Adama Aly Pam, Chief archivist of UNESCO présente "Des archives de la terreur aux archives de la douleur : une expérience africaine". En 2012, Adama Aly Pam a été chargé par le Programme des Nations unies pour le Développement (PNUD) d’accompagner la Commission Vérité, Justice et Réconciliation du Togo dans la gestion du volet archivage des dépositions des témoins et victimes du régime totalitaire du Togo de 1958 à 2005. Il s’agit des victimes de viols, meurtres, disparitions et assassinats de Togolais. A la Commission Vérité, il était demandé d’établir la vérité sur les violations graves des droits de l’Homme, d’expliquer le contexte historique des violences et de préserver la mémoire afin de garantir les quatre piliers que sont : le droit de savoir, le droit à la justice, le droit à la réparation et la garantie de non-répétition. A partir de l’exemple togolais, la réflexion portera sur les archives de la terreur et elle interrogera la pratique de l’archiviste, la façon dont les sociétés tentent d’oublier et de se souvenir des violences politiques, et celle dont les archives sont utilisées pour guérir les sociétés des traumatismes du passé. Biographie Adama Aly PAM est archiviste paléographe, diplômé de l’Ecole nationale des chartes et titulaire d’un doctorat d’histoire sur l’histoire de la médecine. Chef archiviste de l’UNESCO depuis 2018, il a été Conservateur aux Archives nationales du Sénégal avant de rejoindre les Archives de la Banque Centrale des Etats de l’Afrique de l’Ouest. Très engagé sur le plan professionnel, il a été élu Président de l’Association Sénégalaise des Bibliothécaires, et Archivistes. Il a assuré plusieurs missions de conseil et d’organisation des Archives en Afrique.

ICA SAHR: El Uso de los Archivos por la Comisión de la Verdad y la Reconciliación de Perú - Ruth Elena Borja Santa Cruz - ICA International Council on Archives (2022)
Ruth Elena Borja Santa Cruz, Profesora Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), Perú - El Uso de los Archivos por la Comisión de la Verdad y la Reconciliación de Perú La utilización de los archivos en la tarea de reconstrucción de nuestra historia reciente de violaciones de derechos humanos ha sido puesta de relevancia a través del trabajo realizado por la Comisión de la Verdad y Reconciliación (CVR). Su Unidad de Documentación localizó y recopiló información bibliográfica y documental en instituciones públicas y privadas con el fin de que fueran utilizadas por diferentes áreas de la CVR en su investigación sobre las causas y consecuencias del conflicto armado interno en el Perú entre 1980 y 2000. El trabajo realizado por la UD ha sido extremadamente relevante y de la mayor importancia y se ha centrado, desde el principio, en la organización y descripción de los fondos documentales recogidos a lo largo del tiempo por las diferentes áreas de la CVR. Estos fondos fueron posteriormente transferidos a la Oficina de la Defensoría del Pueblo de Perú, que asumió la responsabilidad de preservarlos y ponerlos a disposición de las instituciones encargadas de implementar las recomendaciones contenidas en el Informe Final de la CVR, informe que ha sido esencial para la administración de justicia, las reparaciones y el fortalecimiento de la memoria histórica y social del Perú. Ruth Elena Borja Santa Cruz es una historiadora peruana egresada de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), donde actualmente es profesora del Departamento de Historia de la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. De 1998 a 2002 trabajó en el Archivo General de la Nación. Fue miembro de la Comisión de la Verdad y Reconciliación del Perú de 2002 a 2003 y trabajó en la Defensoría del Pueblo de 2004 a 2012. Ha sido consultora del Lugar de Memoria, Tolerancia e Inclusión Social (LUM), ha asistido a seminarios, talleres y coloquios en varios países de Europa y América y participado en diversos intercambios colaborativos sobre preservación de la memoria y archivos.

ICA SAHR: Italian Condor Trials - Giulia Barrera - ICA International Council on Archives (2021)
Giulia Barrera Operation Condor was a secret, illegal cooperation agreement among Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay, and Uruguay in 1975 to track down and eliminate political opponents who had taken refuge abroad. After the 1973 coups in Chile and Uruguay, thousands of opponents from these countries fled to Argentina, which already hosted a wide community of Paraguayan refuges; in the following years, thousands of Argentinians took refuge abroad as well. Due to the Condor system of cooperation, once abroad political opponents still were not safe from being forcibly disappeared at the hands of intelligence operatives of their own countries: hundreds of them, in fact, were tracked down and killed. A few of them had Italian citizenship. During the past decade, Italy tried military personnel who, as part of Operation Condor were responsible for “disappearing” and killing Italian citizens, and convicted 11 Uruguayans and three Chileans. Giulia Barrera testified at this trial, using archival documents to provide evidence of the functioning of “Condor.” Join us as Dr. Barrera describes the role of archival documents in the Italian Condor trial.

ICA SAHR: L’accès aux archives en France - Gilles Manceron - ICA International Council on Archives (2022)
Gilles Manceron, Historien spécialiste du colonialisme français L’accès aux archives en France : entre les principes républicains et le poids de l’Etat, des difficultés persistent. Lors de la Révolution française, le droit des citoyens à consulter les archives publiques a été proclamé, mais les différents régimes qui ont suivi ont eu tendance à considérer celles-ci comme leur propriété et à entraver cet accès. Il faut attendre les lois de 1979 et de 2008 pour que les délais de consultation des archives publiques soient précisés et raccourcis. Mais les archives concernant certaines périodes sensibles de l’histoire française sont plus difficiles à consulter. Celles de 1940 à 1944 où des autorités françaises ont collaboré avec l’occupant nazi ont été rendues entièrement accessibles en 2015. Mais des obstacles persistent pour consulter celles de la période des guerres d’Indochine et d’Algérie. -- Speaker: Gilles Manceron, Historian specializing in French colonialism Access to archives in France: between republican principles and the weight of the state, difficulties persist. During the French Revolution, the right of citizens to consult public archives was proclaimed, but the various regimes which followed tended to regard them as their property and to obstruct this access. It was not until the laws of 1979 and 2008 that the time limits for consulting public archives were clarified and shortened. But the archives relating to certain sensitive periods in French history are more difficult to access. Those from 1940 to 1944 when the French authorities collaborated with the Nazi occupier were made fully accessible in 2015. But obstacles persist to consult those from the period of the wars in Indochina and Algeria. -- Orador: Gilles Manceron, historiador especializado en el colonialismo francés Durante la Revolución Francesa, se proclamó el derecho de los ciudadanos a consultar los archivos públicos, pero los diversos regímenes que siguieron tendieron a considerarlos como de su propiedad y a obstruir este acceso. No fue hasta las leyes de 1979 y 2008 que se aclararon y acortaron los plazos para la consulta de archivos públicos. Pero los archivos relacionados con ciertos períodos sensibles de la historia francesa son más difíciles de consultar. Los de 1940 a 1944, en los que las autoridades francesas colaboraron con el ocupante nazi, se hicieron plenamente accesibles en 2015. Pero persisten obstáculos para consultar los del período de las guerras de Indochina y Argelia.

ICA SAHR : Les Lieux de Sépulture Non-Marqués des Pensionnats Indiens du Canada - Raymond Frogner - ICA International Council on Archives (2023)
Raymond Frogner, responsable des archives au Centre national pour la vérité et la réconciliation de l’Université du Manitoba présente Les Lieux de Sépulture Non-Marqués des Pensionnats Indiens du Canada. Cette intervention présentera certaines des sources archivistiques référencées lors de l'enquête sur les lieux de sépulture non marqués situés à proximité des pensionnats autochtones au Canada. Cette recherche est confrontée à de nombreux défis, notamment le caractère fragmentaire des sources documentaires, le flou des compétences juridiques et les difficultés rencontrées par les communautés autochtones pour obtenir la vérité. Raymond Frogner est responsable des archives au Centre national pour la vérité et la réconciliation de l’Université du Manitoba et membre du Comité consultatif national sur les enfants disparus des pensionnats et les sépultures non marquées. Il est également coprésident du groupe d’experts du Conseil international des archives sur les affaires autochtones et l'auteur principal de la Déclaration de l'ICA en 2019 de Tandanya/Adélaïde concernant l'autodétermination et les archives autochtones. Il a été auparavant responsable des archives privées à l'Université d'Alberta où il a enseigné sur les archives autochtones, et responsable des archives privées, principalement autochtones, au musée royal de la Colombie-Britannique. En 2020, il a été nommé Fellow de l'Association des archivistes canadiens.

ICA SAHR – Los archivos de la Comisión de la Verdad de Colombia: Desafíos y Logros - ICA International Council on Archives (ICA SAHR, 2023)
Los archivos de la Comisión de la Verdad de Colombia: Desafíos y Logros. Mauricio Katz y Catherine Romero presentarán la historia de cómo se cerraron y se entregaron los archivos de la Comisión de la Verdad de Colombia. Esto con la intención de informarle al público dónde se encuentran hoy los archivos para su consulta, investigación, apropiación y otros usos como parte de una primera medida de reparación individual y colectiva del derecho a la verdad y no repetición que heredó la Comisión de la Verdad en el marco del proceso de justicia transicional que hoy transita este país.
Keywords: 2023-09 September

ICA SAHR – Los archivos de la Comisión de la Verdad de Colombia: Desafíos y Logros - ICA International Council on Archives (2023)
Mauricio Katz/Catherine Romero: Los archivos de la Comisión de la Verdad de Colombia: Desafíos y Logros Mauricio Katz y Catherine Romero presentarán la historia de cómo se cerraron y se entregaron los archivos de la Comisión de la Verdad de Colombia. Esto con la intención de informarle al público dónde se encuentran hoy los archivos para su consulta, investigación, apropiación y otros usos como parte de una primera medida de reparación individual y colectiva del derecho a la verdad y no repetición que heredó la Comisión de la Verdad en el marco del proceso de justicia transicional que hoy transita este país. En esta sesión, los panelistas resaltarán los principales desafíos y logros alcanzados a partir de presentar los contenidos de los archivos y sus particularidades, para cerrar con una conversación sobre las lecciones aprendidas de la experiencia colombiana. Perfil de los panelistas - Mauricio Katz, sociólogo, se desempeñó como secretario general y agente liquidador de la Comisión para el Esclarecimiento, la Convivencia y la No Repetición de Colombia entre mayo de 2018 y mayo de 2023. En cumplimiento de estas funciones tuvo la responsabilidad de configurar, reglamentar la gestión documental de la Comisión y luego de clasificar, catalogar y digitalizar la información hasta la entrega del Fondo Documental a las entidades titular y administradora respectivamente. Mauricio ha trabajado por más de 25 años en procesos de construcción de paz territoriales en Colombia y en responsabilidades de gestión pública. - Catherine Romero, Abogada, se desempeñó como asesora legal del presidente de la Comisión para el Esclarecimiento, la Convivencia y la No Repetición de Colombia entre mayo de 2018 y agosto de 2022, donde estuvo a cargo del diseño de la entrega del archivo de la Comisión de la Verdad bajo la concepción de la creación de un Archivo para la Paz. Adicionalmente durante el último año se encargó de transferir el fondo documental a las entidades depositarias (Jurisdicción especial para la Paz y Archivo General de la Nación) y de formular los protocolos de acceso a información y de redactar el acuerdo internacional de copia pasiva de seguridad con la Confederación Suiza.

ICA SAHR – Los archivos de las víctimas: el Grupo de Apoyo Mutuo (GAM) de Guatemala - ICA International Council on Archives (2023)
"Mario Polanco, Director del GAM: Los archivos de las víctimas: el Grupo de Apoyo Mutuo (GAM) de Guatemala El Grupo de Apoyo Mutuo surge a inicios de 1984 y durante 40 años ha trabajado acompañando a víctimas y familiares de la práctica de desaparición forzada de personas ocurridas en Guatemala. Además, ha trabajado en favor de los derechos humanos, la transparencia y el fortalecimiento del Estado de Derecho. Creado y articulado por esposas, hermanas, hijas, madres y otros familiares de personas detenidas ilegalmente y desaparecidas, durante estas cuatro décadas ha realizado, entre otras actividades, la recolección de información acerca de este tipo de crímenes de lesa humanidad. Desde su creación como organización de familiares víctimas, se vio en la necesidad de recibir cerca de cuatro mil denuncias de detención ilegal de personas para su posterior desaparición forzada. Muchos de estos formularios, en los que constaba información individual, fueron incrementándose en volumen, debido a que se presentaron acciones judiciales como recursos de exhibición personal, solicitudes de investigación, esfuerzos de solidaridad en favor de la mayoría de esas víctimas y documentos de identificación personal que fueron aportados por algunas de las familias. Las acciones legales que el GAM ha impulsado contra los responsables de crímenes de lesa humanidad, en los cuales ha hecho uso de su archivo (que no es histórico, pues se trata de un “archivo vivo” debido a que está conformado por casos), ha provocado que sus integrantes, especialmente su director, sean víctimas de ataques constantes, mismo que abarcan señalamientos calumniosos, ataques en redes sociales y además denuncias ante el Ministerio Público. Biografía Doctor en seguridad humana egresado de la Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales de la Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala y graduado del curso de negociación y resolución de conflictos de la Universidad de Harvard, en 2004. Es Director ejecutivo del Grupo de Apoyo Mutuo (GAM), cargo que ha ocupado durante 15 años a partir de 2000. Es profesor en la Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala y en la Universidad Galileo y consultor de organizaciones internacionales entre las que se mencionan la Fundación Oscar Arias y el Programa de Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo. Es autor de dos libros: Desaparición Forzada en Guatemala y Masacres en Guatemala. También es columnista del diario El Periódico y de varias revistas Gazeta, Indagador, Contrapoder y Asuntos del Sur, (revista virtual http://www.asuntosdelsur.org/). Ha publicado artículos en la revista IPNUSAC de la Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala. Ha sido expositor en eventos académicos en diversos países del continente americano y continente europeo. (Estados Unidos, México, Colombia, Venezuela, Brasil, Chile, Argentina, Italia, Suiza, España, Bélgica, Dinamarca, Austria, Suecia, Francia entre otros)."

ICA SAHR: Mapeo del Cambio Climático para Proteger los Archivos - Claudio Ogass Bilbao - ICA International Council on Archives (2022)
Oradores: Claudio Ogass Bilbao, Estudiante de Doctorado en Archivos y Gestión Documental de la Universidad de Liverpool , y Francisco González Villanueva, Geólogo de la Universidad de Chile Mapeo del Cambio Climático para Proteger los Archivos El objetivo de esta presentación es compartir una metodología en construcción para identificar los potenciales riesgos provocados por el cambio climático que amenazan la sostenibilidad y el contenido de los archivos en diferentes partes del mundo, basándonos en las experiencias y aprendizajes de nuestro trabajo de mapeo y georreferenciación en dos ciudades latinoamericanas: Río de Janeiro de Brasil y Santiago de Chile. Si bien los resultados preliminares muestran que menos de un 2% están ubicados en zonas geográficas peligrosas, pretendemos compartir el proceso de nuestra investigación con la finalidad de que más archiveros tomen conciencia de la importancia de este tema en la planificación de las tareas internas de sus instituciones y, a su vez, elaboren planes de emergencia para mitigar posibles efectos negativos. Finalmente, nos interesa estimular más estudios de este tipo para configurar una respuesta multinacional a este problema. ---- Speakers: Claudio Ogass Bilbao, PhD student in Archives and Records Management at the University of Liverpool, and Francisco González Villanueva, geologist from the University of Chile Mapping Climate Change to Protect Archives The objective of this presentation is to share a methodology under construction to identify the potential risks caused by climate change that threaten the sustainability and content of archives in different parts of the world, based on the experiences and learning from our mapping and georeferencing work in two Latin American cities: Rio de Janeiro in Brazil and Santiago in Chile. Although the preliminary results show that less than 2% are located in dangerous geographical areas, we intend to share the process of our research with the aim that more archivists become aware of the importance of this issue in the planning of the internal tasks of their archivists, institutions and, in turn, develop emergency plans to mitigate possible negative effects. Finally, we are interested in stimulating more studies of this type to configure a multinational response to this problem. ---- Intervenants: Claudio Ogass Bilbao, doctorant en Archives and Records Management à l’Université de Liverpool, et Francisco González Villanueva, géologue de l’Université du Chili Cartographie du Changement Climatique pour Protéger les Archives L’objectif de cette présentation consiste à partager une méthodologie en construction afin d’identifier les risques potentiels qui sont provoqués par le changement climatique et qui menacent la pérennité et le contenu des archives dans différentes parties du monde. Cette étude se fonde sur les expériences et les apprentissages du travail de cartographie et de géoréférencement que nous avons mené sur deux ville latino-américaines, Rio de Janeiro et Santiago du Chili. Même si les résultats montrent que moins de 2% des terres se situent dans des zones dangereuses, nous aspirons à partager les avancées de notre enquête dans le but de voir davantage d’archivistes prendre conscience de l’importance de cette question dans l’organisation des tâches propres à leurs institutions et de faire en sorte que, à leur tour, ils élaborent des plans d’urgence pour atténuer les éventuels effets négatifs d’un tel phénomène. Finalement, nous souhaitons favoriser d’autres études de ce genre pour construire une réponse multinationale à ce problème.

ICA SAHR: South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission - Graham Dominy - ICA International Council on Archives (2021)
Graham Dominy, Former National Archivist of South Africa Intertwined Challenges: Competing Interests in the Archiving and Accessing of South Africa's Truth and Reconciliation Commission Record

ICA SAHR: The Rwanda Gacaca Archive - Peter Horsman - ICA International Council on Archives (2022)
Peter Horsman, Professor Emeriti – University of Amsterdam presents Documenting Genocide Justice: The Rwanda Gacaca Archive Peter Horseman previously worked with the Netherlands Archives School, Municipal Archives of Dordrecht, and the National Archives of the Netherlands. Currently, he is active as a consultant, mostly in the field of (electronic) records and archives management, and digital preservation (both for public and private organizations). He is currently involved in a data transformation project, providing access to the archives of the genocide courts in Rwanda, for the Netherlands Institute for War, Holocaust and Genocide Studies (NIOD). Between 2002 and 2012, over 12,000 of Rwanda state-supervised community courts judged the alleged perpetrators of the 1994 genocide against an estimated 800,000 Tutsis by government forces, militia and Hutu civilians. The so called Gacaca Archive contains the files created before, during and after the reported 1,958,634 cases tried through these courts. Altogether, the Gacaca Archive comprises one of the world’s largest repositories on transitional justice. Gacaca refers to ‘a bed of soft green grass’ on which local Rwandan communities traditionally gathered to settle disputes between families or community members. This Gacaca juridical system, abandoned in the 1950s was reintroduced but replaced by the modernized, professionalized and centralized Inkiko Gacaca (Gacaca jurisdictions) in the early 2000s, specifically designed to deal with genocide related cases. The Gacaca Archive, about 6 linear kilometers of shelves, has been digitized, and is currently being indexed to make it accessible for both lawyers, general public, and scholars.

ICA SAHR: Tunisian Truth and Reconciliation Commission - Adel Maizi - ICA International Council on Archives (2021)
Adel Maizi – Archivist and Past President for the IVD’s Commission for the Preservation of Memory Presentation: The Truth and Dignity Commission (Instance Vérité et Dignité, IVD) of Tunisia is the only truth commission that was formed following the Arab Spring revolutions, which swept across the Arab region in 2011. After five years of work, 63,000 complaints of violations, tens of thousands of interviews and 12 televised public hearings, the Commission released its final report in March 2019.

ICC Office of the Prosecutor | Draft Policy on Cultural Heritage for consultation - ICC Office of the Prosecutor (International Criminal Court, 2021)
Today, 23 March 2021, the Office of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court ("ICC" or the "Court''), published a draft Policy on Cultural Heritage for consultation and comments by States Parties to the Rome Statute, civil society, and the wider community of stakeholders.The development of this Policy is in line with the Office of the Prosecutor's Strategic Plan to pay particular attention to crimes against and affecting cultural heritage and the commitment of the Office to systematically investigate and prosecute such crimes. "Cultural heritage is the embodiment of the continuity of the human story, a celebration of identity, our commonality and the richness of our diversity.  We all have a duty to protect cultural heritage," stated Prosecutor Fatou Bensouda in contextualising this policy initiative. The draft Policy on Cultural Heritage is the manifestation of these commitments within the framework of the Rome Statute.Building on good practices and experiences of the Office in, inter alia, the Al-Mahdi case, the envisaged Policy will further guide the Office in addressing international crimes against cultural heritage within the Court's legal framework, raise greater awareness about the importance of the issue, and seek to close the impunity gap, including through positive complementarity with national jurisdictions, and maximize impact through collaboration with a wide network of partners and relevant actors. The draft Policy is based on the Rome Statute and other regulatory instruments of the Court, as well as applicable treaties, and the principles and rules of international law. It also draws on relevant international jurisprudence.The policy formulation and drafting process to date has been a consultative one. Initial round table consultations took place with a group of external experts, including experts from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization ("UNESCO"), in 2017. The Office has enjoyed close collaboration with UNESCO, and is further consulting this specialised agency of the United Nations also in this round of consultations. The consultations carried out to date have been important to better understand the various angles from which the work of the Office can play a role in the protection of cultural heritage and have assisted the policy formulation process.The Office is of the view that external consultations on its policies and working methods are helpful to the ends of transparency and predictability. Wider external consultation is also important in ensuring that the Office ultimately adopts a policy that is comprehensive and thoroughly considered.  The Office therefore welcomes and encourages comments on the draft Policy. Comments can be sent to: OTPLegalAdvisorySection@icc-cpi.int, by Friday, 16 April 2021, midnight (CET). All input received by this deadline will be carefully considered in the internal review and revision process. The Office is grateful for the interest and support of the Rome Statute community for its activities and initiatives. Draft Policy on Cultural Heritage The Office of the Prosecutor of the ICC conducts independent and impartial preliminary examinations, investigations and prosecutions of the crime of genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes and the crime of aggression. Since 2003, the Office has been conducting investigations in multiple situations within the ICC's jurisdiction, namely in Uganda; the Democratic Republic of the Congo; Darfur, Sudan; the Central African Republic (two distinct situations); Kenya; Libya; Côte d'Ivoire; Mali; Georgia, Burundi; Bangladesh/Myanmar, Afghanistan (subject to a pending article 18 deferral request) and Palestine. The Office is also currently conducting preliminary examinations relating to the situations in Bolivia; Colombia; Guinea; the Philippines; and Venezuela (I and II); and has recently completed its preliminary examinations of the situations in Ukraine and Nigeria, which are pending requests to seek authorisation to proceed to investigation.

ICC Prosecutor Karim A.A. Khan KC announces launch of advanced evidence submission platform: OTPLink - ICC Office of the Prosecutor (International Criminal Court, 2023)
I am pleased to announce the launch of OTPLink, a new application for online and email-based evidence submissions by all external stakeholders and witnesses to my Office. OTPLink will provide a clear, single-access point, replacing various systems and processes that were previously in use for the receipt of information, including submissions pursuant to Article 15 of the Rome Statute.
Keywords: 2023-06 June

Le renforcement de la transparence « n’est pas une priorité pour le gouvernement » - ICI.Radio-Canada.ca (Radio-Canada.ca, 2023)
La commissaire fédérale à l'information du Canada dit qu'elle continuera de faire pression sur les libéraux.
Keywords: 2023-06 June

Enfants autochtones : l’entente de 23 milliards de dollars approuvée par le Tribunal | Radio-Canada.ca - ICI.Radio-Canada.ca, Zone Politique- (Radio-Canada, 2023)
Le Tribunal canadien des droits de la personne a approuvé une entente de règlement de 23,4 milliards de dollars pour les enfants, les jeunes et les familles des Premières Nations touchés par le sous-financement des services de protection de l'enfance par le gouvernement fédéral.
Keywords: 2023-07 July; Children Health; First Nations; Reconciliation; Reparation; Sixty Scoop

Chile: ICRC stores DNA in search for missing persons - ICRC (International Committee of the Red Cross, 2015)
Alicia and Lorena are looking for answers. Some of their family went missing in Chile between 1973 and 1990 under the military regime. They are just two of the many people still struggling to find out what happened to relatives. As they search for truth and justice, they've given blood samples to help trace their missing relatives. The inclusion of DNA analyses in forensic practice means that their blood samples might help to find out what has happened to some of the disappeared.
Keywords: References - Boel et al. (2021), Archives and Human Rights

Convention (IV) respecting the Laws and Customs of War on Land and its annex: Regulations concerning the Laws and Customs of War on Land. The Hague, 18 October 1907. - ICRC (ihl-databases.icrc.org, 1910)
Keywords: References - Boel et al. (2021), Archives and Human Rights

ICRC | Call for comments: Guiding Principles for the Dignified Management of the Dead in Humanitarian Emergencies and to Prevent them Becoming Missing Persons - ICRC (2021)

IFLA-ICA Statement on Privacy Legislation and Archiving - IFLA-ICA
Keywords: References - Comma (2020 1-2), Archives and Human Rights

The Warrior's Honor: Ethnic War and the Modern Conscience - Ignatieff, Michael (Holt Paperbacks, 1998)
Since the early 1990s, Michael Ignatieff has traveled the world's war zones, from Bosnia to the West Bank, from Afghanistan to central Africa. The Warrior's Honor is a report and a reflection on what he has seen in the places where ethnic war has become a way of life. Ignatieff charts the rise of the new moral interventionists--the relief workers, reporters, delegates, and diplomats who believe that other people's misery is of concern to us all. And he brings us face-to-face with the new ethnic warriors--the warlords, gunmen, and paramilitaries--who have escalated postmodern war to an unprecedented level of savagery. Hard-hitting and passionate, The Warrior's Honor is a profound and searching exploration of the perils and obligations of moral citizenship in a world scarred by war and genocide.
Keywords: References - Boel et al. (2021), Archives and Human Rights

75 años de la Declaración Universal ¿Qué se ha conseguido? - Ilaria, Federico (euronews, 2023)
Este 10 de diciembre se celebra un momento histórico: el 75º aniversario de la Declaración Universal de los Derechos Humanos, un texto fundacional que marcó un importante punto de inflexión en la historia mundial. Pero, ¿qué es este tratado y sigue siendo tan crucial como siempre?
Keywords: 2023-12 December

75 ans après la Déclaration universelle, quel bilan pour les droits humains ? - Ilaria, Federico (euronews, 2023)
Le 10 décembre marque un moment historique : le 75e anniversaire de la Déclaration universelle des droits de l’homme, un texte fondateur qui a marqué un tournant majeur dans l'histoire mondiale.
Keywords: 2023-12 December

75 years after the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, a review - Ilaria, Federico (euronews, 2023)
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights is 75 years old. What was so significant about this treaty and is it still relevant?
Keywords: 2023-12 December

Promoting a people-centred aid system: Impact’s commitment to producing community-driven evidence for humanitarian decision making - Impact Initiatives (Relief Web, 2023)
In recent years, there has been growing momentum around putting people and communities at the centre of humanitarian action, packaged under a series of Accountability to Affected People (AAP) principles and commitments.
Keywords: 2023-08 August

Commission of Inquiry finds further evidence of war crimes in Ukraine - Independent Commission of Inquiry on Ukraine (UN News, 2023)
A new UN report has found continued evidence of war crimes and human rights violations committed by Russian authorities in Ukraine, including torture, rape and the deportation of children.
Keywords: 2023-10 October

‘Immense challenges’ block justice for Ukrainian war victims, rights experts warn | UN News - Independent International Commission of Inquiry on Ukraine (UN News, 2023)
Justice and accountability for Ukraine’s war victims were among the topics raised by the UN’s Independent International Commission of Inquiry on Ukraine during its latest country visit, which concluded on Monday.
Keywords: 2023-09 September

Case Law, Strasbourg: ML and WW v Germany, Article 8 right to be forgotten and the media – Hugh Tomlinson QC and Aidan Wills - inform's blog (Inforrm's Blog, 2018)
In the case of ML and WW v Germany ([2018] ECHR 554) (available only French), the Fifth Section of the Court of Human Rights dismissed an Article 8 “right to be forgotten” application i…
Keywords: References - Comma (2020 1-2), Archives and Human Rights

United Nations Targeted by Allegations of Complicity with the Assad Regime - Insecurity Insight (ReliefWeb, 2023)
The brief highlights viral allegations claiming that the UN is part of an operation to hand over Syrian dissidents and refugees to the regime in Damascus.
Keywords: 2023-09 September

Exposition - Ce que la Palestine apporte au monde | Jusqu'au 2023-11-19 - Institut du monde arabe (Institut du monde arabe, 2023)
L'Institut du monde arabe a choisi de donner à voir l’élan et l’irréductible vitalité de la création palestinienne, qu’elle s’élabore dans les territoires ou dans l’exil. Approches muséales plurielles, dialogue photographique entre la Terre sainte « inventée » des orientalistes et celle des contemporains, exposition des précieuses archives palestiniennes de Jean Genet… : c’est à un subtil et intense parcours de correspondances visuelles et de sujets que vous invite l’IMA. Visites guidées, ateliers jeune public, spectacles, cinéma, rencontres & débats, rencontres littéraires… : six mois durant, c'est tout l’IMA qui se met à l’heure palestinienne ! Découvrez notre riche programmation et réservez vos billets.
Keywords: 2023-06 June

American Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man - Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (CIDH.OAS.org)
Keywords: References - Comma (2020 1-2), Archives and Human Rights

IACHR Grants Precautionary Measures in Favor of Human Rights Defender Franklin Caldera Cordero in Venezuela - Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (Inter-American Commission on Human Rights, 2023)
Keywords: 2023-06 June

IACHR Welcomes Full Compliance with the Friendly Settlement Agreement in Case 12,756—El Aracatazzo Bar Massacre, Colombia - Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (Inter-American Commission on Human Rights, 2023)
The Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR) has decided to declare full compliance with Friendly Settlement Report 10/15, concerning Case 12,756—El Aracatazzo Bar Massacre, Colombia—and will stop monitoring it. This case concerns the international responsibility of the Colombian State for the deaths of 18 people on August 12, 1995, at the bar El Aracatazzo, in the municipality of Chigorodó, in Antioquia. The killings were allegedly perpetrated by members of paramilitary groups, in connivance with law enforcement officers at a checkpoint operated by the National Army's Infantry Battalion 46. These law enforcement officers allegedly failed to take protection measures to support civilians, despite having heard shots. They also allegedly failed to conduct a diligent criminal investigation and a disciplinary review of the people involved. The case went unpunished for more than 10 years.
Keywords: 2023-07 July

Case of the “White Van” (Paniagua-Morales et al.) v. Guatemala Judgment of March 8 1998 - Inter-American Court of Human Rights (Inter-American Court of Human Rights, 1998)
Keywords: References - Boel et al. (2021), Archives and Human Rights

American Convention on Human Rights - Inter-American Specialized Conference on Human Rights (CIDH.OAS.org, 1969)
Keywords: References - Boel et al. (2021), Archives and Human Rights

ICMP Works with Ukraine’s National Police To Enhance Data Management Relevant to Missing Persons Investigations - International Commission on Missing Persons (International Commission on Missing Persons, 2023)
The International Commission on Missing Persons (ICMP) has delivered a week-long data management training program at its Headquarters in The Hague to representatives of the Main Investigation Department (MID) of the National Police of Ukraine (NPU)
Keywords: 2023-10 October

Pakistan: Training journalists on fact-checking in a humanitarian crisis - International Committee of the Red Cross (International Committee of the Red Cross, 2023)
Factual and responsible reporting by the media can help affected communities cope better by enhancing their knowledge, connecting them with first responders, highlighting their needs and providing access to authorities.
Keywords: 2023-08 August

ISAD(G): General international standard archival description; adopted by the Committee on Descriptive Standards, Stockholm, Sweden, 19-22 Sept. 1999 - International Council of Archives (ICA Standards, 2000)
Keywords: References - Boel et al. (2021), Archives and Human Rights

About CITRA - International Council on Archives (International Council on Archives)
Keywords: References - Comma (2020 1-2), Archives and Human Rights

Archives are Accessible - Search the Map - International Council on Archives (International Council on Archives)
Keywords: References - Comma (2020 1-2), Archives and Human Rights

Basic Principles on the role of Archivists and Records Managers in support of Human Rights - International Council on Archives (International Council on Archives, 2016)
Keywords: References - Boel et al. (2021), Archives and Human Rights; References - Comma (2020 1-2), Archives and Human Rights

Code of Ethics - International Council on Archives (International Council on Archives, 1996)
Keywords: References - Comma (2020 1-2), Archives and Human Rights

Conference ICA Adelaide 2019 - International Council on Archives (ica.org)
Keywords: References - Boel et al. (2021), Archives and Human Rights

Declaración del Consejo Internacional de Archivos sobre la destrucción de los Archivos Centrales del Municipio de Gaza - International Council on Archives (International Council on Archives, 2023)
El Consejo Internacional de Archivos (ICA) ha tenido conocimiento del bombardeo del edificio de los Archivos Centrales de Gaza y de la biblioteca pública principal, que ha provocado la destrucción de documentos históricos que datan de hace 100 años.
Keywords: 2023-12 December

Déclaration du Conseil International des Archives sur la destruction des archives centrales de la municipalité de Gaza - International Council on Archives (International Council on Archives, 2023)
Le Conseil International des Archives (ICA) a été informé de l'annonce du bombardement du bâtiment des archives centrales de Gaza et de la principale bibliothèque publique, qui a entraîné la destruction de documents historiques datant d'une centaine d'années.
Keywords: 2023-12 December

Guiding Principles for Safe Havens for Archives at Risk - International Council on Archives (International Council on Archives, 2019)
Keywords: References - Comma (2020 1-2), Archives and Human Rights

ICA-SAHR First Tuesday Talk by Elena Zhemkova, Co-founder and Executive Director of Memorial, moderated by José Faraldo, professor at the Madrid University Complutense. Event link and details forthcoming - International Council on Archives (2024)
Keywords: 2023-10 November

Principles of Access to Archives - International Council on Archives (International Council on Archives, 2012)
Keywords: References - Comma (2020 1-2), Archives and Human Rights

Principles of Access to Archives Technical Guidance on Managing Archives with Restrictions - International Council on Archives (International Council on Archives, 2014)
Keywords: References - Boel et al. (2021), Archives and Human Rights

Statement of the International Council on Archives on the Destruction of the Central Archives of the Municipality of Gaza - International Council on Archives (International Council on Archives, 2023)
The International Council on Archives (ICA) has learnt of the reported bombing of the Central Archives building in Gaza and the main public library, resulting in the destruction of historical documents dating back 100 years.
Keywords: 2023-12 December

The Archives and Records are Accessible - International Council on Archives (International Council on Archives)
Please click the link to complete this form.
Keywords: References - Comma (2020 1-2), Archives and Human Rights

The Universal Declaration on Archives - International Council on Archives (2010)
Adopted at the General Assembly of ICA Oslo, September 2010. Endorsed by the 36th Session of the General Conference of UNESCO on 10th November 2011.

Who is an archivist? - International Council on Archives
Keywords: References - Comma (2020 1-2), Archives and Human Rights

Basic principles on the role of archivists and records managers in support of human rights - International Council on Archives; Human Rights Working Group (International Council on Archives, 2016)

Taking Duties Seriously: Individual Duties in International Human Rights Law - International Council on Human Rights (International Council on Human Rights, 1999)
Other in English on World about Protection and Human Rights; published on 1 Dec 1999 by ICHRP
Keywords: References - Comma (2020 1-2), Archives and Human Rights

Application de la Convention pour la prévention et la répression du crime de génocide dans la Bande de Gaza - International Court of Justice (International Court of Justice, 2024)
Le 29 décembre 2023, l'Afrique du Sud déposait une requête introductive d’instance contre l’État d’Israël concernant des manquements allégués, dans la bande de Gaza, aux obligations découlant de la convention pour la prévention et la répression du crime de génocide
Keywords: 2024-01 January

Application de la Convention pour la prévention et la répression du crime de génocide dans la Bande de Gaza - International Court of Justice (International Court of Justice, 2024)
Le 29 décembre 2023, l'Afrique du Sud déposait une requête introductive d’instance contre l’État d’Israël concernant des manquements allégués, dans la bande de Gaza, aux obligations découlant de la convention pour la prévention et la répression du crime de génocide
Keywords: 2024-01 January

Application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide in the Gaza Strip - International Court of Justice (International Court of Justice, 2024)
29 December 2023, South Africa filed an Application instituting proceedings against Israel concerning alleged violations by Israel of its obligations under the Convention on the “Genocide Convention” in relation to Palestinians in the Gaza Strip.
Keywords: 2024-01 January

Application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide in the Gaza Strip - International Court of Justice (International Court of Justice, 2024)
29 December 2023, South Africa filed an Application instituting proceedings against Israel concerning alleged violations by Israel of its obligations under the Convention on the “Genocide Convention” in relation to Palestinians in the Gaza Strip.
Keywords: 2024-01 January

Questions relating to the Obligation to Prosecute or Extradite (Belgium v. Senegal) - International Court of Justice (icj-cij.org, 2012)
Keywords: References - Boel et al. (2021), Archives and Human Rights

Al Mahdi Case - The Prosecutor v. Ahmad Al Faqi Al Mahdi ICC-01/12-01/15 - International Criminal Court (International Criminal Court)
Keywords: References - Comma (2020 1-2), Archives and Human Rights

Measures taken following the unprecedented cyber-attack on the ICC - International Criminal Court (ICC) (International Criminal Court, 2023)
Five weeks ago, the International Criminal Court detected a serious cyber security incident, thanks to the alert mechanism provided by its monitoring system. The ICC has made various and serious efforts to address this attack. The Court deems it is its responsibility to continue to inform about these efforts and to provide the relevant additional information on the attack itself.
Keywords: 2023-10 October

Office of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court publishes new Policy on Children: Statement by ICC Prosecutor Karim A.A. Khan KC - International Criminal Court (ICC) (Office of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, 2023)
As the suffering of children is witnessed worldwide, the Office of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court has launched a new Policy on Children to help remedy their historic underrepresentation and lack of engagement in international criminal justice processes.
Keywords: 2023-12 December

Publication par le Bureau du Procureur d’un nouveau Document de politique générale relatif aux enfants - International Criminal Court (ICC) (International Criminal Court (ICC), 2023)
Alors que nous sommes témoins de la souffrance des enfants dans le monde entier, le Bureau du Procureur publie un nouveau document de politique générale relatif aux enfants afin de remédier à leur sous‑représentation historique et à leur manque de participation dans les procédures de justice pénale internationale.
Keywords: 2023-12 December

Statement of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, Karim A.A. Khan KC, on the Situation in the State of Palestine: receipt of a referral from five States Parties - International Criminal Court (ICC) (International Criminal Court, 2023)
The Office of the International Criminal Court Prosecutor received a referral of the Situation in the State of Palestine, from the following five States Parties: South Africa, Bangladesh, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Comoros, and Djibouti.
Keywords: 2023-10 November; Palestinian Statehood

Belarus: How human rights defenders are being silenced - International Federation for Human Rights (International Federation for Human Rights, 2023)
Since 2020, human rights defenders have been one of the most actively persecuted social groups in Belarus. This massive crackdown has made it impossible for activists to engage in human rights work without risking their dignity, freedom and even their lives. All human rights organisations, independent media and trade unions have been closed down, and their activities were deemed extremist and constituting criminal offences.
Keywords: 2023-08 August

Human rights defenders in Gaza risk death and can no longer carry out their mission - International Federation for Human Rights (International Federation for Human Rights, 2023)
Staff from international organisations are left almost entirely inoperative: they cannot document the human rights violations that are currently being committed, which reinforces the cycle of impunity for international crimes.
Keywords: 2023-12 December

Women's Rights in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) - International Federation for Human Rights (International Federation for Human Rights, 2010)
Keywords: References - Comma (2020 1-2), Archives and Human Rights

Liquidation of the SOVA Center for Information and Analysis - International Federation of Human Rights (International Federation for Human Rights, 2023)
The Observatory has been informed about the arbitrary dissolution of the SOVA Center for Information and Analysis (SOVA Center), a Moscow-based human rights organisation specialised in monitoring of hate crimes, nationalism, xenophobia and racism, freedom of religion and belief, as well as anti-extremism legislation.
Keywords: 2023-09 September

Guidelines for Identifying Relevant Documentation for Holocaust Research, Education and Remembrance - International Holocaust Rememberance Alliance (IHRA) (IHRA, 2022)
For decades, a significant amount of the documentation bearing on the Holocaust and its historical context has been scattered, endangered and in many cases made inaccessible.
Keywords: 2023-08 August

Lignes directrices de l’IHRA pour recenser la documentation utile à la recherche, à l’enseignement et à la mémoire de la Shoah/l’Holocauste - International Holocaust Rememberance Alliance (IHRA) (Drupal, 2022)
Durant des décennies, un nombre important de documents portant sur la Shoah et son contexte historique ont été disséminés ou leur intégrité compromise et sont souvent devenus introuvables. Les nazis, leurs alliés et leurs collaborateurs n’ont pas seulement assassiné des Juifs, des Roms, des opposants politiques et d’autres personnes encore ; ils ont également cherché à détruire leur culture. Aussi tout document relatif à la vie de ces victimes avant, pendant ou après la Shoah, est-il extrêmement précieux.
Keywords: 2023-08 August; Genocide; Holocaust

Lineamientos de la IHRA para la identificación de documentación pertinente para la investigación, educación y memoria en relación con el Holocausto - International Holocaust Rememberance Alliance (IHRA) (Drupal, 2022)
Durante décadas, una gran cantidad de documentos relacionados con el Holocausto y su contexto histórico estuvo desperdigada, en riesgo y, en muchos casos, inaccesible. Los nazis, sus aliados y colaboracionistas no solo asesinaron judíos, romaníes, enemigos políticos y otras víctimas, sino que además se empeñaron en destruir sus culturas. Por lo tanto, cada uno de los documentos relativos a la vida de estas víctimas antes, durante y después del Holocausto es extremadamente valioso.
Keywords: 2023-08 August; Genocide; Holocaust

International Institute of Social History - International Institute of Social History
Keywords: References - Comma (2020 1-2), Archives and Human Rights

The Labour Provisions of the Peace Treaties - International Labour Office (International Labour Office, 1920)
Keywords: References - Comma (2020 1-2), Archives and Human Rights

Trial of the Major War Criminals Before the International Military Tribunal: Nuremberg, 14 November 1945 - 1 October 1946 - International Military Tribunal Nuremberg (International Military Tribunal Nuremberg, 1947)
Keywords: References - Boel et al. (2021), Archives and Human Rights

Ethiopia Partnership Eases Vulnerable Returnee Access to Legal Identity Documents - International Organization for Migration (International Organization for Migration, 2023)
IOM has signed a cooperation agreement with the Office of the Prime Minister of Ethiopia’s National Identification Program (NIDP) to facilitate access to identification documents for vulnerable migrant returnees, displaced persons and affected communities as a prerequisite for global mobility and development.
Keywords: 2023-10 November

Internet Rights and Principles Dynamic Coalition (UN Internet Governance Forum) - Internet Rights & Principles Coalition (Internet Rights and Principles Coalition, 2022)
We are an open network of individuals and organisations based at the UN Internet Governance Forum (IGF) committed to making human rights work for the online environment.
Keywords: References - Comma (2020 1-2), Archives and Human Rights

The spy tech firm managing NHS data - Iqbal, Nosheen; Crider, Cori (2023)
Palantir, the US spy-tech firm co-founded by the billionaire Peter Thiel, has won a contract to handle NHS data. It’s a deal that has left privacy advocates with serious questions
Keywords: 2023-10 November; Business; Data protection; Espionage; Health; NHS; Society; Technology; UK news

Women, Business and the Law 2018 - Iqbal, Sarah (World Bank, 2018)
Keywords: References - Comma (2020 1-2), Archives and Human Rights

La millonaria red de sobornos de la tercera constructora brasileña - Irujo, José María; Gil, Joaquín (El País, 2023)
La firma Camargo Correa creó un esquema financiero en paraísos fiscales con tentáculos en ocho países para canalizar el pago de comisiones ilegales a directivos de la petrolera Petrobras. Así lo confirman documentos a los que ha tenido acceso EL PAÍS y que afloran nuevos detalles sobre el funcionamiento de este esquema corrupto, sus tretas de ocultación y la maraña de testaferros, sociedades ficticias y cuentas cifradas para mover el dinero sucio.
Keywords: 2023-08 August

ISO 16363:2012 Space data and information transfer systems — Audit and certification of trustworthy digital repositories - ISO (ISO, 2012)
ISO 16363:2012 defines a recommended practice for assessing the trustworthiness of digital repositories. It is applicable to the entire range of digital repositories. ISO 16363:2012 can be used as a basis for certification.
Keywords: References - Boel et al. (2021), Archives and Human Rights

ISO/TS 21547:2010 - Health informatics — Security requirements for archiving of electronic health records — Principles - ISO (ISO, 2010)
Health informatics — Security requirements for archiving of electronic health records — Principles
Keywords: References - Comma (2020 1-2), Archives and Human Rights

Moving past: probing the agency and affect of recordkeeping in individual and community lives in post-conflict Croatia - J. Gilliland, Anne (Archival Science, 2014)
Reporting on ongoing research, this paper reviews stories, drawn from recent literature as well as gathered through ethnographic research, that people tell about records and recordkeeping during and since the Yugoslav Wars. It focuses on what these stories reveal of the agency and affect of recordkeeping in individual and community lives, particularly in Croatia. The paper concludes with a contemplation of what might be learned from such an approach for the development of recordkeeping infrastructures that can anticipate, avert or alleviate some of the ways in which records and recordkeeping continue to traumatize or target the vulnerable, and frustrate and prevent the human and societal need to “move forward,” if not “move past.”
Keywords: A&DwP website

Lorsque la coopération internationale s’intéresse aux archives : l’exemple de la Tunisie. - Jacobs, Christophe (Comma, International Journal on Archives, 2008)

Invoking “collective memory”: mapping the emergence of a concept in archival science - Jacobsen, Trond; Punzalan, Ricardo L.; Hedstrom, Margaret L. (Archival Science, 2013)
The concept of “collective” or “social” memory has assumed increasing prominence in the discourse of archivists over the past few decades. Archives are frequently characterized as crucial institutions of social memory, and many professional activities are considered forms of memory preservation. We present a systematic examination of the relationships between archives and collective memory as articulated in the English-language archival literature. We first identify the major themes regarding collective memory and categorize archival writings into four major threads. We then analyze citations extracted from 165 articles about collective memory published between 1980 and 2010 in four leading English-language archival studies journals. We identify the most influential scholars and publications and trace the evolution of the collective memory concept in that literature. By comparing the archival literature on collective memory to that indexed in Thomson’s Web of Science and in Google Scholar, we identify specific disciplines, authors, and works that archivists working on collective memory may find useful. We find that in general the archival literature on collective memory is fairly insular and self-referential and call on archivists to actively engage other disciplines when carrying out collective memory research.
Keywords: A&DwP website; Archives and memory; Citation analysis; Collective memory; Public memory; Social memory; Transdisciplinarity

Les disparus. Le cahier vert - Jacques, Vergès; Zavrian, Michel; Courrege, Maurice (La Cité-éditeur, 1959)
Keywords: References - Boel et al. (2021), Archives and Human Rights

1,200 Jamaicans received expungement of criminal records last year - Jamaica Gleaner (Jamaica Gleaner, 2023)
The Ministry of Justice received 2,322 applications for the expungement of criminal records last year. Making his contribution to the Sectoral Debate in the House of Representatives on Tuesday Portfolio Minister, Delroy Chuck, said of that amount, the Criminal Records (Rehabilitation of Offenders) Board approved 1,200 applications.
Keywords: 2023-06 June

Old criminal records in New York would be automatically sealed under bill passed by lawmakers - Jamaica Gleaner (Jamaica Gleaner, 2023)
New Yorkers who commit crimes could have their records automatically sealed if they stay out of trouble for a certain number of years after they have finished serving their sentences under a bill passed by state lawmakers Friday.
Keywords: 2023-06 June

The Cambridge Handbook of Intellectual Property and Social Justice - Jamar, Steven D.; Mtima, Lateef (Cambridge Law Handbooks, 2024)
Protection for intellectual property has never been absolute; it has always been limited in the public interest. The benefits of intellectual property protection are meant to flow to everyone, not just a limited population of creators and the corporations that represent them. Given this social-utility function, intellectual property regimes must address issues of access, inclusion, and empowerment for marginalized and excluded groups. This handbook defines an approach to considering social justice in intellectual property law and regulation.
Keywords: 2024-01 January

No Right to Medical Care, Compensation for Injuries or Time Off: How Immigrant Dairy Workers Go From Vital to Disposable - Jameel, Maryam; Sanchez, Melissa (ProPublica, 2023)
Immigrant workers are essential to Wisconsin’s dairy industry. But when they get injured, they’re often cast aside.
Keywords: 2023-12 December

Decentering Whiteness in Libraries: A Framework for Inclusive Collection Management Practices - Jamison, Andrea (Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2023)
The book serves as a "how to" guide for evaluating and crafting collection development policies that will help create equity and diversity in library collections.
Keywords: 2023-10 October

Les archives: la mémoire au coeur de la société démocratique - Janssens, Gustaaf (Pliegos de Yuste: Revista de Cultura y Pensamiento Europeos, 2004)

BETWEEN MYTH AND REALITY: THE STASI LEGACY IN GERMAN HISTORY - Jarausch, Konrad (GHI Bulletin Supplement, 2014)
Keywords: References - Boel et al. (2021), Archives and Human Rights

Shattered Past: Reconstructing German Histories - Jarausch, Konrad H.; Geyer, Michael (Princeton University Press, 2003)
Broken glass, twisted beams, piles of debris--these are the early memories of the children who grew up amidst the ruins of the Third Reich. More than five decades later, German youth inhabit manicured suburbs and stroll along prosperous pedestrian malls. Shattered Past is a bold reconsideration of the perplexing pattern of Germany's twentieth-century history. Konrad Jarausch and Michael Geyer explore the staggering gap between the country's role in the terrors of war and its subsequent success as a democracy. They argue that the collapse of Communism, national reunification, and the postmodern shift call for a new reading of the country's turbulent development, one that no longer suggests continuity but rupture and conflict. Comprising original essays, the book begins by reexamining the nationalist, socialist, and liberal master narratives that have dominated the presentation of German history but are now losing their hold. Treated next are major issues of recent debate that suggest how new kinds of German history might be written: annihilationist warfare, complicity with dictatorship, the taming of power, the impact of migration, the struggle over national identity, redefinitions of womanhood, and the development of consumption as well as popular culture. The concluding chapters reflect on the country's gradual transition from chaos to civility. This penetrating study will spark a fresh debate about the meaning of the German past during the last century. There is no single master narrative, no Weltgeist, to be discovered. But there is a fascinating story to be told in many different ways.
Keywords: References - Boel et al. (2021), Archives and Human Rights

Rethinking, Representing, and Remembering the Cold War: Some Cultural Perspectives - Jarausch, Konrad H.; Ostermann, Christian F.; Etges, Andreas (Rethinking, Representing, and Remembering the Cold War: Some Cultural Perspectives, 2017)
Rethinking, Representing, and Remembering the Cold War: Some Cultural Perspectives was published in The Cold War on page 1.
Keywords: References - Boel et al. (2021), Archives and Human Rights

Ley 46/1977, de 15 de octubre, de Amnistía - Jefatura del Estado (1977)
Keywords: References - Boel et al. (2021), Archives and Human Rights

A nation shamed - Jeffries, Stuart (The Guardian, 2004)
Why does France keep making films that glorify the Resistance and gloss over the truth about collaboration? By Stuart Jeffries.
Keywords: Culture; Film; References - Boel et al. (2021), Archives and Human Rights

We know who created Syria’s torture programme and how | Opinions - Jelacic, Nerma (Al Jazeera, 2023)
After 12 years of civil war, hundreds of thousands of people killed and tens of thousands missing, a glimmer of hope for the Syrian people came from the world’s top court. The International Court of Justice (ICJ) ruled that the Syrian state must prevent torture of detainees and refrain from destroying evidence of these unlawful acts.
Keywords: 2023-12 December

Droits. Au Brésil, la “démonstration de force” de l’agrobusiness contre les peuples autochtones - Jezequel, Morgann (Courrier international, 2023)
Dominée par les représentants du lobby agricole, la Chambre des députés a approuvé, mardi 30 mai, un “cadre temporel” qui limite la démarcation des territoires autochtones. Un revers pour le gouvernement du président de gauche Lula, qui attend désormais les décisions du Sénat et de la Cour suprême.
Keywords: 2023-06 June

War and Women's Human Rights Museum: Archives are Key - Jihyun, Youn (Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management, 2020)

¿Contagio natural o accidente de laboratorio? Estados Unidos desclasifica su informe sobre el origen de la covid en Wuhan - Jiménez, Miguel (El País, 2023)
Los servicios de inteligencia estadounidenses se dividen entre las dos hipótesis de forma no concluyente, pero descartan que el virus se crease como arma biológica
Keywords: 2023-06 June

El fiscal pide retrasar el juicio a Trump por los papeles de Mar-A-Lago hasta diciembre - Jiménez, Miguel (El País, 2023)
Jack Smith avanza en paralelo en la investigación por intentar aferrarse al poder mediante listas de falsos electores
Keywords: 2023-06 June

“Estos son los papeles”: la CNN difunde una grabación de Trump clave para el caso de Mar-a-Lago - Jiménez, Miguel (El País, 2023)
El expresidente estadounidense reconoce en la conversación que un documento sobre Irán en su poder seguía siendo “altamente confidencial”
Keywords: 2023-06 June

Google afronta desde este martes en EE UU el juicio por monopolio más importante en dos décadas - Jiménez, Miguel (El País, 2023)
Un juzgado de Washington analiza si la tecnológica abusó de su posición de dominio en las búsquedas por internet
Keywords: 2023-09 September

Archives Power: Memory, Accountability, and Social Justice - Jimerson, Randall C. (Amer Library Assn, 2009)
Grounded in historical and social theory, this analysis of the power of archives and the role of archivists in society calls for renewed emphasis on remembrance, evidence, and documentation as a means of securing open government, accountability, diversity, and social justice, within an archival ethics of professional and societal responsibility.
Keywords: References - Boel et al. (2021), Archives and Human Rights

Senate Passes $886 Billion Military Bill That Extends Mass Spying Authorization - Johnson, Jake (Truthout, 2023)
In an overwhelming bipartisan vote, the U.S. Senate passed a military policy bill that includes an extension of surveillance authority that the government has used — and heavily abused — to access the communications of activists, journalists, lawmakers, and others without a warrant.
Keywords: 2023-12 December

Under Pressure From Progressives, US Declassifies Documents Related to Chile Coup - Johnson, Jake (Common Dreams, 2023)
"Huge congratulations to the U.S. members who made this call from the delegation, and to all those who have fought like hell to declassify these files and bring justice for the bloody crimes of September 1973."
Keywords: 2023-08 August; Chile; Declassification; Dictatorship; Pinochet

Lutter contre l'impunité. Dix questions pour comprendre et pour agir - Joinet, Louis (La Découverte, 2002)
Depuis les années 1990, il devient enfin envisageable de juger les responsables contemporains de violations massives des droits de l'homme : la pression des sociétés civiles a permis la création de tribunaux ad hoc (ex-Yougoslavie et Rwanda), la mise en place prochaine d'une Cour pénale internat...
Keywords: References - Boel et al. (2021), Archives and Human Rights

Question of the impunity of perpetrators of human rights violations (civil and political): Revised final report prepared by Mr. Joinet pursuant to Sub-Commission decision 1996/119 - Joinet, Louis (United Nations, 1997)
Keywords: References - Boel et al. (2021), Archives and Human Rights

TikTok says it has acted to curb disinformation amid Israel-Hamas war - Jolly, Jasper (The Guardian, 2023)
Moves comes after EU wrote to social media platform calling on it to step up its efforts over illegal content
Keywords: 2023-10 October; Digital media; European Union; Gaza; Israel; Israel-Hamas war; Palestine; Regulators; Social media; TikTok

Archives for a Peaceful Future: Case Descriptions - Jones, Briony; Keller, Ingrid Oliveira Silva; Rubli, Sandra (2014)

Truth Commission Archives as ‘New Democratic Spaces’: Table 1. - Jones, Briony; Oliveira, Ingrid (Journal of Human Rights Practice, 2016)

Indigenous Americans — The Journal’s Historical “Indian Problem” - Jones, David S.; Abdalla, Moustafa; Gone, Joseph P. (New England Journal of Medicine, 2024)
The prestigious New England Journal of Medicine publishes an introspection on centuries of unjust and racist medicine towards Indigenous People. The long list of prejudices evoked makes us realize that they are deeply rooted in Western societies.
Keywords: 2024-01 January

The Secrets in Guatemala’s Bones - Jones, Maggie (The New York Times, 2016)
In the face of death threats, a forensic anthropologist has spent two decades exhuming the victims of a “dirty” civil war. Now his work might help bring justice for their murders.
Keywords: Archaeology and Anthropology; Forensic Science; Guatemala; Guatemalan Forensic Anthropology Foundation; Human Rights and Human Rights Violations; Jones, Maggie; Peccerelli, Fredy (1971- ); References - Boel et al. (2021), Archives and Human Rights; Rios Montt, Efrain; War Crimes, Genocide and Crimes Against Humanity

EU to review UNRWA funding, calls for staff probe after allegations - Jones, Mared Gywn (euronews, 2024)
The European Commission said on Monday it will "review" its support to UNRWA, the UN agency for Palestinian refugees, following allegations several of its staff members were involved in the October 7 attacks on Israel
Keywords: 2024-01 January; Palestine (permanent observer to the UN)

L'UE va réexaminer le financement de l'UNRWA - Jones, Mared Gywn (euronews, 2024)
La Commission européenne a déclaré lundi qu'elle allait "réexaminer" son soutien à l'UNRWA, l'agence des Nations unies pour les réfugiés palestiniens, à la suite d'allégations selon lesquelles plusieurs membres de son personnel auraient été impliqués dans les attentats du 7 octobre contre Israël.
Keywords: 2024-01 January; Palestine (permanent observer to the UN)

La UE revisará la financiación de la UNRWA ante las denuncias - Jones, Mared Gywn (euronews, 2024)
La Comisión Europea ha asegurado el lunes que "revisará" su apoyo a la UNRWA, la agencia de la ONU para los refugiados palestinos, tras las acusaciones de que varios miembros de su personal estuvieron implicados en los atentados del 7 de octubre contra Israel.
Keywords: 2024-01 January; Palestine (permanent observer to the UN)

Planned EU laws on child sexual abuse have sparked a privacy row. Why? - Jones, Mared Gywn (euronews, 2023)
Some have argued the proposed EU law could usher in mass surveillance in the bloc through the scanning of all communications, including encrypted messages.
Keywords: 2023-10 October

‘Take flowers to our mass grave’: letters from Spain’s Franco victims collected in new book - Jones, Sam (The Guardian, 2023)
Thousands of people were imprisoned and shot by the Franco dictatorship between 1939 and 1944. Their letters home form a moving memorial to their bravery
Keywords: 2023-10 October; Books; Europe; Francisco Franco; History books; Spain; World news

Toward an understanding of archives as a feature of collective memory - Josias, Anthea (Archival Science, 2011)
This paper reviews important aspects of the literature on collective memory, how some of these concerns have been expressed in archives, and contemplates how these issues relate to the politically transformative South African post-apartheid context. It highlights the erosion of boundaries between archives, museums, and other less-institutionalized memory projects in post-apartheid South Africa. It notes ways in which archival activity is taking place outside of traditional archives, as part of a changing and evolving memory landscape. It acknowledges the significant gaps in the written record that are a result of apartheid practices and cites different approaches that were overlooked by apartheid’s official archival systems. This paper offers a way of contemplating the ‘social constructedness’ of collective memory and the social and political dimensions of archives.
Keywords: Collective memory; Personal testimonies; Political transformation; Politics of memory; Social memory; South Africa

Court rules Barita must comply with IC request for financial records of public officials - Jovan Johnson (The Jamaica Gleaner, 2024)
The Supreme Court has ruled that Barita Investments Limited must comply with an Integrity Commission (IC) request for financial information on 151 current and former public officials.
Keywords: 2024-01 January

Where is my name? Afghan women fight for their own identity - Joya, Bahaar (Reuters, 2017)
In Afghanistan's patriarchal society, a woman's name should not be revealed, even on her grave.
Keywords: AFGHANISTAN; Afghanistan; Asia; Belief; Civil Liberties; Civil Rights; Fundamental Rights; Human Rights; Internet; NAME; Pacific; References - Boel et al. (2021), Archives and Human Rights; Religion; Science; Social Media; Technology; US; WOMEN; Women's Issues; World Wide Web

Postguerra: Una historia de Europa desde 1945 - Judt, Tony (Taurus, 2006)
Keywords: References - Comma (2020 1-2), Archives and Human Rights

Postwar: A History of Europe Since 1945 - Judt, Tony (Penguin Books, 2006)
Finalist for the Pulitzer Prize • Winner of the Council on Foreign Relations Arthur Ross Book Award • One of the New York Times' Ten Best Books of the Year“Impressive . . . Mr. Judt writes with enormous authority.” —The Wall Street Journal“Magisterial . . . It is, without a doubt, the most comprehensive, authoritative, and yes, readable postwar history.” —The Boston GlobeAlmost a decade in the making, this much-anticipated grand history of postwar Europe from one of the world's most esteemed historians and intellectuals is a singular achievement. Postwar is the first modern history that covers all of Europe, both east and west, drawing on research in six languages to sweep readers through thirty-four nations and sixty years of political and cultural change-all in one integrated, enthralling narrative. Both intellectually ambitious and compelling to read, thrilling in its scope and delightful in its small details, Postwar is a rare joy. Judt's book, Ill Fares the Land, republished in 2021 featuring a new preface by bestselling author of Between the World and Me and The Water Dancer, Ta-Nehisi Coates.
Keywords: References - Boel et al. (2021), Archives and Human Rights

Romania: Bottom of the Heap - Judt, Tony (The New York Review, 2001)
The February 2000 issue of the Bucharest men's magazine Plai cu Boi features one Princess Brianna Caradja. Variously clad in leather or nothing much at
Keywords: References - Boel et al. (2021), Archives and Human Rights

Le redwashing, ou comment s’acheter une bonne conscience auprès des Autochtones - Jung, Dephine (Radio-Canada, 2023)
Faire du redwashing, en plus de l’écoblanchiment. Voici ce que dénoncent militants et Autochtones en évoquant le comportement des banques et des industries minières et pétrolières.
Keywords: 2023-09 September

Quand les Autochtones accusent les chercheurs de s’approprier leurs connaissances | Radio-Canada.ca - Jung, Dephine (Radio-Canada, 2023)
Il y a, en Guyane française, une plante qui recèle des propriétés contre le paludisme. Des chercheurs l’Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD) ont rencontré des Autochtones et les ont questionnés sur leurs remèdes traditionnels. Ils ont ensuite isolé une molécule utile au traitement du paludisme et déposé une demande de brevet. Ce brevet s’approprierait des savoirs médicaux sans reconnaître l'apport autochtone. L'article présente aussi un exemple canadien qui a emprunté une autre trajectoire.
Keywords: 2023-10 October

Droit des archives et droits de l’homme - Kabanda, Marcel (Gazette des archives, 2007)
Devant l’impossibilité de reconstituer par les archives écrites la réalité des crimes commis au Rwanda, l’auteur souligne l’importance des témoignages oraux, seuls à faire apparaître le rôle du gouvernement intérimaire dans l’incitation des populations civiles à commettre un génocide. Il met en garde contre les effets pervers de la chasse aux documents lancée après les massacres, hors de tout contrôle et sans assurance de préservation, par de multiples acteurs désireux de mobiliser l’opinion publique. Quant aux professionnels des archives, ils sont soumis à la pression croissante de nouveaux usagers, victimes et défenseurs des droits de l’Homme, et journalistes. Il leur faut des moyens supplémentaires mais aussi un nouveau droit qui adapte les règles de consultation des archives aux exigences de ces différents publics, en assurant un équilibre entre l’exigence de savoir et la protection des sources, et en préservant les intérêts de la recherche historique. L’auteur suggère aussi des actions de sensibilisation à la notion d’archives, notamment en partenariat avec les systèmes éducatifs, comme cela est déjà le cas pour les droits de l’Homme.

Defriending Canada: Natural Disasters and Facebook’s Information Scrub - Kampmark, Binoy (International Policy Digest, 2023)
Canada has learned, much like Australia several years ago, that Facebook is willing to play hardball to scuttle legislation it doesn't like.
Keywords: 2023-09 September

The Censors Down Under: The ACMA Gambit on Misinformation and Disinformation - Kampmark, Binoy (International Policy Digest, 2023)
Can or should countries legislate disinformation? Australia just might try.
Keywords: 2023-08 August